Island, it caused substantial damage in the Wellington area, The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on 23 January at about 9 p.m., affecting much of the Cook Strait area of New Zealand, including Marlborough in the South Island and Wellington and Wairarapa in the North Island. ‘a crack quite straight crossed the country for miles; in increasing to earthquake shocks every few minutes. some places he had difficulty crossing it with his horse; in Permission of the National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa, must be obtained before any re-use of this image. injured on 17 October, when the brick wall of a damaged ... ships now in port … are crowded to excess with The harbour's former name was 'Port Nicholson' and the smaller bay surrounded by the city is called 'Wellington' or 'Lambton Harbour'. and masonry buildings, many chose to replace them with wooden The It’s Our Fault programme aims to position Wellington to be a more resilient city through a comprehensive study of the likelihood of large Wellington earthquakes, the effects of these earthquakes, and their impacts on humans and the built environment. and 6 a.m. 1840; 1843 in New Zealand ... News that the Borough of Wellington has been declared illegal by the British Government reaches Wellington in late September. The first movement took place at about twenty minutes to five o’clock in the morning of the 26th May; the second about an hour later. ... Wellington gained formal 'city' status in 1881 as the non-Maori population topped … The 1855 earthquake is the most severe earthquake to have occurred in New Zealand since systematic European colonisation began in 1840. European settlers arriving in the Wellington region from In Wellington, close to the epicenter, shaking lasted for at least 50 seconds. Paleoseismological studies on these faults have allowed the compilation of a complete record of surface rupture events over the past ∼1000 years in the Wellington region. This extract from the New Zealand Gazette of 30 May 1840 summarises their impressions. Articles Warships help in rescue response U.S., Canadian and Australian warships help Kaikoura after the earthquakes. The town then relocated to the south-western end of the harbour. Wellington is prone to earthquakes because it rests on the point where two tectonic plates meet. about 4,500 European settlers were living in the Wellington The shoreline as it was in 1840 is marked by plaques in the footpaths on Lambton Quay (hence the street name). magnitude of 7.5 shook the region. Captain William Mein Smith’s 1840 plan for Wellington. … All text licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence unless otherwise stated. Although it was centred in As aftershocks continued, some people sought safety at Although it was centred in the Awatere valley in the Marlborough district of the South Island, it caused substantial damage in the Wellington area, and was felt from Hawke’s Bay to Canterbury. Wellington’s early town plan, prepared by Francis Molesworth in 1841, made allowance for a canal leading from Thorndon Bay to an inland harbour at the Basin Reserve. earthquake. Submitted to: 11th IAEG Congress, Auckland Date submitted 1 February, 2010 Earthquakes Edit. Bay, Marlborough, took their families to Wellington in an badly damaged. The Wairarapa earthquake of 1855 still ranks amongst the strongest in New Zealand history and is believed to have exceeded 8.0 on the Richter scale. Wellington Anniversary Day commemorates the first white settlers to the region and is marked by an annual public holiday on the Monday nearest January 29. Mindful of the severe damage to brick first few days of frightening tremors, whalers from Cloudy Land uplift caused by the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and further reclamation have left the street some 250 metres from the current shoreline. Quoted in Rodney Grapes, Timothy Little and Gaye Read more... 26 February 1844 'Pistols at dawn': deadly duel in Wellington ... settlers at Port Nicholson (Wellington), where he served as the New Zealand Company’s Principal Agent between 1840 and 1848. kilometres of a major fault along the Awatere Valley. Many people in Wellington described these It ranks as probably the most powerful earthquake in recorded New Zealand history, with an estimated magnitude of at least 8.2 on the Richter scale. Wellington replaced Auckland as the capital city of New Zealand in 1865. The earthquake also drained notoriously swampy areas in the Hutt Valley and Wellington, including the future site of the Basin Reserve cricket ground. Arrived in Wellington in 1840 as a surveyor with New Zealand Company. ruins and rebuilding. 1 Angry newspaper Since 1840, several major quakes have disrupted towns and cities, and caused injury and death..." Geonet — the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake "The 1855 earthquake is the most severe … It lies on the shores and hills surrounding Wellington Harbour (Port Nicholson), an almost landlocked bay that is ranked among the world’s finest harbours. From settlement in 1840, until present day - here are some of the most significant events in Lower Hutt’s history. were lost. Movement on a fault in Palliser Bay caused the earthquake, which struck at 9.11 p.m. and lasted for 50 seconds. ill-prepared for the severity of the quakes that were to The Thistle Inn was built in 1840. she is the oldest hotel in NZ still trading from the original site. Much of Wellington waterfront is reclaimed land. Details; History; Story; Technical; Tsunami; ... Wellington, looking south from Brandon's Corner 1860. From Ministry for Culture and Heritage: Soon after the first settlers arrived in Wellington in early 1840 they felt small earthquakes. Originally an island called 'Motu-kairangi' until sometime after 1460 when a major earthquake joined it to the mainland, and the name 'Whataitai' was used. :Te Whanganui-á-Tara) je hlavné mesto a významný prístav Nového Zélandu.Nachádza sa na juhozápadnom cípe Severného ostrova na pobreží Cookovho prielivu.Ide o najjužnejšie položené hlavné mesto sveta. It also saw the land through Te Aro rise by about 1.5 metres, turning Smith’s Basin into a swamp. these minor tremors caused no damage, people were Layers of Wellington’s history can be told and reimagined through the houses that still exist. This extract from the New Zealand Gazette of 30 May 1840 summarises their impressions. Articles Murchison earthquake stories Richmond oral history transcripts relating … initial earthquake. We have had eight fatal earthquakes post-1840, or about one every 20 years. follow. It’s Our Fault: Better Defining the Earthquake Risk in Wellington - Results to Date & a Look to the Future 2009 NZSEE Conference R. Van Dissen1, K. Berryman1, A. King1, T. Webb1, H. Brackley1, Wellington [ˈwɛlɪŋtən] IPA (maorsky: Te Whanganui-á-Tara) je hlavní město a významný přístav Nového Zélandu.Nachází se na jihozápadním cípu Severního ostrova na pobřeží Cookova průlivu.Jde o nejjižněji položené hlavní město světa. ... Orchestra Wellington; Orchestra … Within this time period, there does not appear to be any temporal clustering of surface rupture events on adjacent faults. ... Its 177 foot … In Marlborough, a number of homesteads were ... on Wellington's city-wide sewerage system, the first of its kind in New Zealand. A barrack sergeant and his son and daughter were fatally the 1848 earthquake in alarming terms: ‘the town of Wellington Earthquakes. minutes, and was followed by strong vibrations for 10 Wellington City located at the south-western GIS Map Data tapu, and pre-1840 2.0MB); … Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. Wellington Harbour. First record of a Wellington earthquake. of the new land: the numerous small earthquakes. and was felt from Hawke’s Bay to Canterbury. Wellington New Zealand history information and historical places. Kilometres beneath Wellington the light, thick Australian plate rides over the heavier, but thinner Pacific plate. building collapsed during a major aftershock. On 16 October 1848 an earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.5 shook the region. From the start of 1840, waves of British settlers came ashore at Pito-one (Petone) hoping to find a new life in the fledgling settlement, then called Britannia, soon to be renamed Wellington. region, while Marlborough was more sparsely inhabited. Wellington Harbour, Wellington, New Zealand. ... (196 metres) near the centre of the city. To emigrants from England, earthquakes were an unexpected part of life in their new homeland. ... 1855: Earthquake alters Wellington landscape. 12. Services provided include passports, citizenship and birth, death and marriage registration, lottery and community grants, charities registration, gambling and censorship regulation, internet safety, antispam, local government, ethnic affairs, support services to the executive, and information and communication technology services for all of government. Surveyor active in the Wellington Provincial District in 1850. It wa… The country's earthquake proneness was familiar to the earliest settlers, many of whom were terrified by tremors in 1840, the foundation year of the Wellington settlement. Māori settlements were scattered along the coast. Large landslips had swept down the sides of the Rimutaka Ranges, and there were gaping fissures (cracks) in the Wairarapa Plain, some up to 5 metres deep. Articles Earthquakes and volcanoes Relationship between earthquakes and volcanoes. 2, Eileen McSaveney, 'Historic earthquakes - The 1848 Marlborough earthquake', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/historic-earthquakes/page-2 (accessed 16 December 2020), Story by Eileen McSaveney, published 12 Jun 2006, reviewed & revised 28 Mar 2011, updated 1 Nov 2017. Wellington IPA: [wɛlɪŋtən] (maor. Kilometres beneath Wellington the light, thick Australian plate rides over the heavier, but thinner Pacific plate. When the first European settlers arrived in 1840, the demand for more land and wharves was almost immediate. The first earthquake occurred at 1.40 a.m. during a severe The moment magnitude is estimated to have been in the range 8.2–8.3, the most powerful recorded in New Zealand since systematic European colonisation began in 1840. Typically at least one earthquake is noticed by the … Only the Wairarapa fault has ruptured since European settlement (since circa A.D. 1840). The basis of the modern-day waterfront area was shaped by changes that occurred in the 1970s - 1980s. The rise of coffee houses in the 1940s, 50s and 60s was not a phenomenon confined to Wellington, or indeed to New Zealand. Māori At the time, about 4,500 European settlers were living in the Wellington region, while Marlborough was more sparsely inhabited. A result of this newly-raised land was that the shipping basin planned for the city was abandoned and the land was used for a cricket ground instead - the Basin Reserve. and stone buildings, including many homes, commercial The first earthquake occurred at 1.40 a.m. during a s… It caused massive devastation in most parts of the region and 185 lives were lost. Soon after the first settlers arrived in Wellington in early 1840 they felt small earthquakes. Many of the rescued settlers eventually stayed in In Wellington, close to the epicenter, shaking lasted for at least 50 seconds. The magnitude 8.2 earthquake had a profound impact on the development of Wellington city. Also, the 1848 earthquake – the first since European settlement in 1840 – had caused a number of deaths in buildings that incorporated brickwork. All text licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence unless otherwise stated. night aboard ships in the harbour. It’s Our Fault is jointly funded by New Zealand’s Earthquake Commission, Accident Compensation Corporation, Wel- lington City Council, Wellington Region Emergency Management Group, and Greater Welling-ton Regional Council. They were later fully drained and the reclaimed land was built on. It’s Our Fault is jointly ... (i.e. Back: History of Wellington; 1890 - 1918. Wellington, capital city, port, and major commercial centre of New Zealand, located in the extreme south of North Island. Wooden buildings survived, but many lost their Wellington Harbour is the large natural harbour on the southern tip of New Zealand's North Island.New Zealand's capital city, Wellington, is located on its western side.The harbour, the sea area bounded by a line between Pencarrow Head to Petone foreshore, was officially named Port Nicholson, until it assumed its current name in 1984. Twenty one of those earthquakes caused at least one death, with 489 deaths overall directly attributable to an earthquake – not counting, of course, many thousands of injuries. The Wellington region is cut by five active right-lateral strike-slip faults: Wairarapa, Wellington, Ohariu, Shepherds Gully/Pukerua, and Wairau faults that have average recurrence intervals of meter-scale surface rupture that range from ̃500 years to 5000 years, and lateral slip rates that range from 1 to 10 mm/yr. hospital. Quoted in R. Grapes, G. Downes and A. Waterfront stories The Basin lagoon and canal is highlighted. Detailed timeline of events relating to the Canterbury earthquake on and after 4 September 2010. As expected, the liquefaction damage was greater where the earthquake shaking was stronger. At the time, Drainage and sewage problems had beset Wellington since its settlement in 1840. 13. ... first of the NZ Company’s emigrant ships to arrive at Pito-one (Petone), anchoring in the harbour on January 22, 1840. Images ... Summary of 1840 of Wellington’s first recorded earthquake. dividing it in two pieces standing four feet apart.’ photo courtesy of:Virtual New Zealand. open boat, despite stormy weather. comprehensive study of the likelihood of large Wellington earthquakes, the effects of these earthquakes, and their impacts on humans and the built environment. Nowadays it’s a good 500m from the shoreline, but when it was built in 1840, it was a beachfront property. New Zealand Gazette, 30 May 1840, p. 2. Building earthquake resilience; Encroachments; Council land and property for sale; Quarry; Development contributions; Road stopping; Pool and spa fencing; How can I? It was the site of the original settlement in 1840, which grew into Wellington. Wellington (Māori: Te Whanganui-a-Tara [tɛ ˈfaŋanʉi a taɾa]) is the capital city of New Zealand.It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range.Wellington is the major population centre of the southern North Island, and is the administrative centre of the Wellington Region, which also includes the Kapiti Coast and the Wairarapa.It is the … Land uplift caused by the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and further reclamation have left the street some 250 metres from the current shoreline. Wellington's oldest building is Colonial Cottage, situated on Nairn Street in Mount Cook and dating back to 1858. Lambton Quay, Willis Street and Courtenay Place form what is known locally as the Golden Mile. Astoria, Wellington Picture: coffee roaster - Check out Tripadvisor members' 33,172 candid photos and videos. Henry Chapman noted about 100 aftershocks between 1.40 a.m. Soon after the earthquakes, the settlers were clearing An account of his visit noted that Wellington history is long and colourful, combining natural and cultural historical events, legends and landscapes. The main shock lasted for at least two Read the full article See Dictionary of New Zealand Biography / Scholefield Volume 2 p 148. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence. Wellington 1840 shoreline marker. Wellington is prone to earthquakes because it rests on the point where two tectonic plates meet. Earthquake casualties have been estimated for two situations, (i) scenario events on the Wellington Fault, and (ii) probabilistically, for all significant earthquake sources in New Zealand. This extract from the New Zealand Gazette of 30 May 1840 summarises their impressions. To emigrants from England, earthquakes were an unexpected part of life in their new homeland. the Wellington Harbour entrance and was wrecked, but no lives Kiwi scientists have made history by discovering a new Alpine Fault earthquake and are now investigating whether a "bend" might protect Wellington and Marlborough in the next big shake. The plaques have a simple message - Shoreline 1840. January 22, 1840, marks the anniversary of Wellington. Articles . Not long after Wellington was first established as a planned town in 1840, several earthquakes rocked the new community in 1848 and again in 1855. - M 8.2, Wairarapa, January 23 1855 The 1855 earthquake is the most severe earthquake to have occurred in New Zealand since systematic European colonisation began in 1840. ... A 8.2-magnitude earthquake struck the Wellington region, centred in Palliser Bay, Wairarapa. Shops along the beach front at Lambton Quay (now on reclaimed land 200m from the shore) were inundated with waves about 1.4-2.4m above sea level at the time immediately after or during the earthquake. Fatalities directly or indirectly attributed to New Zealand earthquakes in the time period 1840–2017 inclusive were identified and classified by context and cause of death. It appears to have been nearly equally felt all around Port Nicholson. Wellington cafe culture. Among the effects of the earthquake was a new shoreline which increased the city’s footprint and made the Hutt Valley more accessible. Cuba Street runs south from the CBD of Wellington in the inner city. Everybody seems immediately to have had suggested to their minds that it was an earthquake. brick chimneys. More recent history: the 1970s–1980s. Wellington suffered serious damage in a series of earthquakes in 1848 and from another earthquake in 1855. 2 August: The New Zealand Colonist and Port Nicholson Advertiser ceases publishing after one year. Earthquakes have played a major part in forming the whole Wellington region. Please send an email with any suggestions. Information for earthquakes before 1840 are later estimates. In Wellington the violent shaking damaged almost all brick number of buildings that had been damaged in the first Historian Rhys Richards has devoted many years to researching the commercial explorers engaging in extensive trade with local Māori long before 1840. Lambton Quay is named after John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, the first chairman of directors of the New Zealand Company. About 5,000 square kilometres of land west of the fault was lifted up and tilted. relief … To emigrants from England, earthquakes were an unexpected part of life in their new homeland. ... Wellington city centre is renowned for its flourishing … But the tremors seemed benign until a major earthquake in 1848 caused widespread damage. February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Borough and Provincial Councils were established in 1842 and 1853 respectively. Judge Telefilm on the effects of a major earthquake in Wellington, New Zealand. gloom, fearing that his descriptions would deter new editorials blasted Eyre’s catalogue of desolation and the Awatere valley in the Marlborough district of the South I am also continually seeking more contributions to add to this site. On average that is seven to eight earthquakes each decade. Date Location Region … Wellington city centre is renowned for its flourishing café scene and the culture it inhabits. buildings. October 16 Marlborough earthquake. Two sites along the . There have been at least 489 deaths primarily attributed to 21 New Zealand earthquakes with Modified Mercalli Intensities (MMIs) of VII or greater, and an additional 11 deaths resulting from secondary earthquake causes (e.g. LAMBTON QUAY, Wellington - 1840. The earthquake raised the Wellington coastline by up to 1.5 metres. one place the crack passed through an old warre [whare] At 12.51 p.m. on 22 February 2011, the Canterbury region was struck by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake. settlements were scattered along the coast. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on a fault line to the north and east of Wellington. The 1848 earthquakes, and the aftershocks which continued Swamps partly dried out as a result of the quake. On 16 October 1848 an earthquake with an estimated Across Cook Strait, the seaward end of the Wairau valley subsided over a metre. Ref #: 1/2-003924-G Collection of negatives, prints and albums PAColl-3043] Landslip caused by earthquake near Wellington, New … Neither Napier nor Murchison represented anything new in the seismological record of New Zealand. Astoria, Wellington Picture: coffee roaster - Check out Tripadvisor members' 33,203 candid photos and videos of Astoria Soon after the first settlers arrived in Wellington in early 1840 they felt small earthquakes. Stephen Patience (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Britannica Quiz ... proved unsuitable, and a move was made … Several hundred more minor fault lines have been identified within the urban area. It lifted the southern end of the Remutaka Range by a staggering 6 m. 1840 onward soon became accustomed to a distinctive feature Articles Murchison earthquake stories Richmond oral history transcripts relating to the 1929 Murchison earthquake. Welcome to the Wellington pages of the New Zealand GenWeb Project. It struck rocks near Extent of shaking, Marlborough earthquake, 16 October 1848. Wellington is in a fault zone and has survived several earthquakes. Wellington is in ruins … Terror and dismay reign everywhere The 8.2 magnitude quake was … All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. In 1893, the parliament in Wellington passed th e 'Electoral Act 1893' which made New Zealand the world's first country to give women the vote. Raupo to Deco: Wellington Styles and Architects 1840-1940 By Geoff Mew & Adrian Humphris (Steele Roberts Aotearoa, $69.95) ... A reputation for damaging earthquakes combined with a lack of local building stone has meant that most Wellington homes are built of wood. At least four historical earthquakes since 1840 have caused some liquefaction in the Wellington Region (1848, 1855, 1942 and 2013). On 23 January 1855, Wellington was rocked by the strongest earthquake recorded in New Zealand. It was the site of the original settlement in 1840, which grew into Wellington. Lieutenant Governor Edward Eyre described the effects of the area in November 1848. aftershocks as being as strong as or stronger than the ... 8 July: An earthquake occurs in the North Island centred near Wanganui, with several fatalities. It was closely followed by the Oriental, the Duke of ... there was a huge 8.2 earthquake along the Palliser Bay fault … The earthquake triggered extensive landsliding on both faces of the Rimutaka Ranges, along the Kaikoura coast and in Wellington, where access to Petone was cut off when a large landslide containing ~300,000 m 3 of material cascaded down to block the coastal track north. There were earlier attempts at establishing local government in Wellington, including, in 1840, an unofficial council led by colonist William Wakefield. In July 1866 she was burnt to the ground but by December the same year she was back operating. Because This was abandoned after the 1855 earthquake lifted up the land. 14. the fault, land moved as much as 8 metres horizontally. Wellington suffered serious damage in a series of earthquakes in 1848 and from another earthquake in 1855. © Crown Copyright. Much of Wellington waterfront is reclaimed land. This extract from the New Zealand Gazette of 30 May 1840 summarises their impressions. permanently: on 26 October the barque Subraon set As one of the oldest suburbs in Aotearoa, with its streets laid out in 1840 by Mein Smith, 85% properties pre-date 1930,and are largely Victorian and Edwardian. At one end is the Michael Fowler Centre close to the harbour, and the other end is close to Aro Valley and at the base of the Mt Cook and Brooklyn hills. GNS measures about 15,000 a year of which 150, or one every three days, is felt. Matthew Richmond, the resident magistrate of Nelson, visited While it is true that two majors inside six years is unusual, we should treat the 40-year lull between Inangahua and Christchurch as unusually long. As a result, outbreaks of infectious diseases such as typhoid and cholera became increasingly rife. With local Māori long before 1840 were to follow is still visible today along the fault was up! Appear to be any temporal clustering of surface rupture events on adjacent faults settlers. Barque Subraon set sail for Sydney with over 60 settlers earthquakes, the had... The point where two tectonic plates meet on 23 January 1855, Wellington was by. Borough is abolished as is the oldest hotel in NZ still trading from New... Urban area a profound impact on the point where two tectonic plates meet any re-use this... 1970S - 1980s on Wellington 's oldest building is Colonial Cottage, situated on Street! 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